Cutter-head for tunneling-machines.



n 12, mms.

GUTTER EEA) TGR TUNNBLNG MACHINES.

AEPLIUTI@ FILED MAY 25. 1909,

97?,Q55 Patented Dec. 6, 19m.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

31mm 1 los n ff? @Ummm y i] 7-` A I fl? lu/wak www.

J. P. KARNS.

CUTTER HEAD POR TUNNELNG MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY-25,1909.

Patented Dec. 6, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

P. KAM S.

GUTTER HEAD FOR TUNNELING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAYZ, 1909,

Patented Bes. 6, 12H0.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3,

J. P. KARNS.

I GUTTER HEMD FOR TUNNELING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED MM5. 1909.

977,955. Patented Dec. 6, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

PATENT FFCE.

JOHN PIR-UE KARNS, 0F BOULDER. COLORADO, ASSGNOR- TO J. P. KARNSTUNNELING MACHNE CQ., GF BOULDER, CGLORADO. p

CUTTER-HED FOR TUNNELl'NG-MACHINES.

' Specification ofALetters Estant.

Application filed 'May 25, 1809.

To (LU Lo/:om if m62/ concern.'

Be it lmoirn that l, .l'oirN Patin Kan-N5, a Citizen o'll the United'\."`ll'atee7 reaiding at Boulder. in the, woont;Y ol" lloulder andState ot' (lolorado. hare invented a new and uselful iilzlei'-lle:id lor'l'unnelingr-lliarliinerl. ole Whieli the Following' iS a Speeitieation.

This invention har: referenre to improvementa` t'or Cutler heads lfordrilling' inaebines aml i@ dea-ignoti to provide a walter bead 'for adrilling;A maehine ol the type Shown and deaeribed in Lettera llalenl#892,849 granted .luljv i'. i902, on an appli :ation ytiled by me Forimproremenla in drilling' inaeh i n es. 4

lin accordance with the aforesaid Letters Patent there provided a Cutterhead spider carrying; on the active 'tace numbersI o'l.l Cutter bla aoarranged as to eut or chip the breaSt ot a tunnel by' the bodili7movement ot the cutter head toward the laid breast olI the tunnel and loreaeli all portionsy ot the. breast of the tunnel by the sionv rotativemovement ot the cutter head while being reeiproeal'ed.

ln aeoordanee with the prerlent inventan: the `general strueluro oi.zthe entier head -nproved and iturthern'it 'e there arev added triunnerffdesigned to smooth or finish the wall o'l2 the tunnel. and threetrimmer.-; are carried by the ruiter head and are artire on the arliveSlrolte ol #aid ruiter head.

'.lhe invention will be best underatoml from a Consideration ol the'following' detail description taken `in eouneetion 'with thevaeoon'ipanyine' draifings vFormung a part ot this Speeilii'ation inwhich drawings.-

Figuro l an elevation oiLl tlv active' 'faee ol.t the cutter head. Fig'.l is :x'tliiiirie'l'i'ie Section of the :fuller head. Fig'. Il is adetail Seelion through one o'l" the cutter bladesy and its Support andthe mean t'or {afatenine' lthe eutter blade to the entier head. Fir'.'lan elevation of a portion of a cutter blade and its Support. Fig. 5 aface view ol'l one of the trinnners and adjacent entier blade. Fig. (liS a sido elevation ot' the saine showing a portion ol. the cutter headweb in seetion. Fig'. 7 is a perspective View of one of the trimmers.Fig'. S is a section on the line A--B of Fig. (i. Fig. l) is a tace Viewof a inodilied form of trimmer and adjacent Cutter blade. Fig. l0 is anelevationof the same with the Cutter head spider :in section. Fig. ll isa perspective View of the modified .Patented Deo. 6, 191.0.

Serial No. 498,244

torni of trimmer. Fig. l2 is detail.- lion on the line C-D of Fig. l.

'l'eierring to the dran/'ings there is shown in Figa. l and i2 a en terhead spider oomprising a hub 1.a rin] Spokes Pl radial to the hub. Thehub lf `is 2, and conneetingf.

proi'ided with an extension il pwjectingto the hub. The hub l., spokes3, rini f2 with the webS 5 and eoncei'itrie. extension G may be all eastin one piece, or in more than one piece in the larger sizes as iseustomaryin castings ol? this character.

Formed on the liront tace. olI the Spokes. and rim are, parallel Spaeedribs 'T arranged in pairs and designed to receive and hold eatlerblades. The ribs T are. So disposed that Some ofl.E the blades will beradial lo the axis oll rotation ot the cutie' head and othervebladeswill be tangential-to eirrles described about auch axis ot rolatioii.

ln the particular strnelure shown there. a cutter blade S extendingacross a diameter olf the hub and exterd` at each endr be- .rond theperiphery thereof. 'l here arealao romparzitirely long blades lllextending' over a portion oli' the. tare ot' the hub anil ont alone'adjacent Spokea or arme 3, t'liee blades; l0 being' arrane'ed tangential"to "a *E rirele inrluded in the spare betii'een'llie innerendl ot'the-ribs T earl- Ying the blade En'. There are :lao other blades llpartialliv The spokes 3 Aare hub,

GTI

included on the hub and partiall)Y inelu'deilon some ot' the spokes orarma il Htantialliv tangential to a rirele CloselKi/f'diil jarenl lo theperizhery ol'` the hub. 'lllierv are other blades l.' carried entirolj,Yby the spokes; or arms 3l and but slightly out foi: parallelism with theblades ll and "there are other blades 13, ll. l5 all Substantiallyradial to the'axis of rotation oty the. Gutter head and all, with theexception ofthe and Subblades 13 seated in pockets or receptae'lesformedbetween ribs 7 formed on the rim@ only vand projecting,` therefromradially 'oat- Ward and at the portions beyond the periphery of the rim2 connected to the rear extension G of the rim by webs 1G. The blades14, however extend to the hub 1 yafiiil are there seated between ribs 7formed lon said hub. The blades 13 instead ot being radial to the axisof rotation are closely ad jacent toand parallel with a radial plane andextend for a distance toward the huh along a corresponding spoke or arm3. The blades 15 extend onto the arms or spokes 3 toward the axis ofrotation for a very short` distance and since the ribs receiving theblades 15 also serve as holders for other members these particular ribsare designated in the drawings by the reference numeral 7.

The blades carried by the. cutter head are so disposed that ever)vportion of the breast of the tunnel is acted upon by one or more of themas the cutter head is rcciprocatcd and slowly revolved about itslongitudinal axis. l

The critter' blades are made oi tool steel of suitable thickness andlength and along the outer edge these blades are termed with teeth 17capable of acting on the material to be cut or drilled.

The spaces between the ribs 7-T are so proportioned. as ,to receive theedge ot a cutter blade remote itrom the teeth 17 in such manner that theblade will tit snugly in the space or groove so formed. ln one ,or bot-hribs 7 there are formed passages 18 each adapted to receive the rod lt)having at oneend an angle extension Q0 and at thel other end threaded tolreceivev a nutQl in the outer edge or tace o1" which latter there areformed radial recesses 2Q designed to receive a cotter pin 23 or othersuitable device p assed through a suital'ilc perforation in the threadedend of the rod 18 and constituting from the rear face of the cutter headspider so that the nut 21'may be adjusted from time to time as may benecessary.

Each cutter blade is provided with one r more perforations designed toreceive the angle end of a rod 19, the said red. then acting as ananchor for the blade ,'u'rely holding lthe samel in its seat between theproper ribs 7. Therodo or anchors 1S) will hold the blades firmly inplace while at the same time the removal of a blade and the replacing ofthe saule with a new blade is readily performed.

The ribs 7 differfrom the ribs 7 in having at their outer ends ears Q4spaced apart to a greater extent than vare the facing walls of the ribs7 v and projecting forwardlj-y fromthe said ribs. The ears 24C aredesigned to carry a block 25 between them, tlieisaid block beingsubstantially rectangular in outline with the upper face 2G beveled in adirection toward the rear of the cutter head and this block is pivotallyvmounted on a pin 27 passingthrough the ears let and se cured therein byany suitable means such for instance as eotter pins 28. The ribs 7 Wherethey extend beyond the periphery of the rim 2 are connected together bya yoke 29 formed integral with the ribs and also With the Web 16 and therear edge of the block is adapted to engage the front Wall of the Web 29when the block is moved in one direction about the pivot pin 27.

The block. 25 is formed on the rear edge with a recess or rabbet 30designed to house a spring 31 tending to maintain the rear edge of theblock 25 in engagement with the front Wall ot' the web 29. Sincetheblock 25 is designed to turn on the pivot pin 27 one corner of theblock is rounded on the axis of the pin as a center as indicated at 32While the corresponding portion of the rabbet 3() may be rounded asindicated at 33 for engagement therewith of the spring 31 which lattermay be a leaf spring bent on itself and suitably curved to engage thecurved wall 33 et' the rabbet 30 thus pre` venting accidental escape ofthe spring from the said rabbet.

Entering the block on the upper portion of the front face thereof is arecess 34 entering the block diagonally'and seated in this recess is atrimmer point The recess 3st is preferably square in cross section andthe trimmer point 35 is made of a square bar ottool steel adapted to fitsnugly in the recess 34.' The active end of the'triinmer point 35 may bebeveled as indicated at 36 and the cutting edge 37 will project beyondthe line of the beveled wall QG when the trimmer point is active. piu 38passed through the bloeK 25 serves to lock tht` trimmer point 35 inplace.

A somewhat ditterent form ot trinnuer is shown in t), 10 and 11. ln thisstructure the trimmer block 25 has the rear edge cut away along its.entire width-as indicated at 39 so that at the upper corner there isformed a shoulder /l-O tor engagement. with the rear w: ll ot the web2li, the cut-away portion 3S) permitting the rocking oli the block onthe pin 27 in a direction to carry the shoulder t0 away from the t'routwall of the web 29. In this torni oit' trininier the trimmer point hasa. right angle ictive end 37" and this point is held Yin place by a setscrew 3S. A spring 3l interposed between the block and the adjacent endof the cutter blade held between the ribs 7 and seated in a recess in.the trinuuer block or support serves to maintain the shoulder I1-0norn'ially in engageu'icnt with the front face of the web 29. The r \arer'- tension 4t of the hub 1 is formed with a longitudinal passage 41for the reception of a suitable shaft which latter liowev..r is notshown in the drawings. At an appropriate tunnel is acted .diameter orbore produced by the machine.

are of less radial said cutter blades point the .rear extension et ofthe hub 1 is blades of which a number traversed by passages 42 for asuitable key extent than the others,

securing the hub and shaft together, but enig adapted to deliver impactblows upon this key is omitted in the drawings. At the breast of thetunnel, and pivotally mounted trimmers exteiior to and in radialalinement with the shorter radial cutter blades, said trimmers being'elastically irnpelled toward the active position and inactive on theretractive movement of the cut- The operation of the structure shown inter head.

the present case is similar to that of the like A cutter head forstructure shown in the aforesaid patent. having cutter The cutter headis given a i'eciprocatory pact blows on the breast of the tunnel, andmovement' in the direction of the longituditrimmers carried by thecutter head atthe nal axis ot the said cutter head and at the peripherythereot ea h consisting of a pivsame time is given a slow rotativemovement oted block and a trimmer point removably by means like thoseshown in the aforesaid carried thereby. l

A cutter head provided with :cutter patent` for the same purpose. lWhenthe lades and having spaced parallel ribs concutter head is movedaxially forward the b breast of the tunnel receives a blow from allstituting holders for the cutterblades, a portlie cutter bladessimultaneously. On the tion oi the cutter blades being arranged inretraction ot the cuttei' head it receives a cii'cular series of lessradial extent than oth-ers and the ribs beyond the ends of the blades'ot' less radial extent being formed slight rotative'movement and on thenext forward movement strikes the breast of the into matchino' ears, andtrimmers located between said ears and pivotally connected tunnel atdifferent points than at .the first.

blow with the result. that fresh surfaces are chipped away. rfhe blowsare continued thereto.

and because of the disposition and number 4. ln a tunneling machine, acutter head oli the cutter blades the ent-ire breast of the providedwith a circular peripheral series of upon by a fraction of a turn radialseats, cutter blades in said seats, some o't the cutter head and on acomplete turn of the cutter blades beingr ot less radial exoit thecutter head the breast of the tunnel tenttoward thencriphery of thecutter head will have been acted on its entire surface than others, andtrimmers carried at the several times. l outer ends of the shortercutter blades and The path described by the trimmer points lodged in theradial seats. about the longitudinal axis, or the axis of 5. In atunneling machine, a circular cutrotation of the cuttei' head definesthe ter head provided with a circularperipheral series ot radial seats,some the seats terinitiating` at their outer ends in ears spaced apartto a greater extent than the Width o'lE the seats, cutter lilades insaid seats, the cutter blades inl those seats having ears at their outerends terminating shortv ot' said ears, and trimmers pivotally carried bysaid ears.

G. A cutter head for tunneling' machines, comprising a hub, radial armsor spokes, and a rim carried by the spokes, the active face of the hub,spokes and rim being provided with pairs of parallel spaced ribs, cachpair forming a seat tor a cutter blade, said spokes and rim being'connected to the hub by strengthening webs on the inactive faces, saidhub being' provided with a' rearward extension beyond the limits of thestrengthening webs, and said rearward extension being' axially recessedto receive a supporting shaft.

In testimony that. l claim the foregoing as my own, l.l have heretoaffixed 'my signature in the. presence of two witnesses.

J OH N TRUE KARNS.

hub l there are formed Wings 43. Furthermore, the rear extension at ofthe hub l is reduced in diameter externally as indicated at l-t.

the rear end ot' the rear extension 4 of the tunneling machines Vhen thecutter head is moving rearwardly then the trimmer points ride idly alongthe walls ot' the tunnel, the springs 31 or 3l', as the case may be,yielding. On the forward or active movement of the cutter head thesprings 3l or 31 torce the trimmer points outwardly and these points acton the wall otl the bore to cut away any irregularities or any portionsuiiacted upon by the outer ends ot the outermost cutter blades. Since oneach retractive movement ot' the cutter head lit is given a rotativemovement, the trimmer points on a forward movement of the cutter headact upon fresh portions of the wall of the tunnel, but the rotativemovement is not 'so great but that the path det scribed by a trimmeroverlaps or joins the path described by the trimmer on the nextpreceding' forwardA movement ot the cutter head. Thus the' boi'e of thetunnel is finished smooth and it is rendered cylindrical irrespective otthe action oit' the cutter blades upon the breast of the tunnel. l

lVhat is claimed is :5'

Al. A `cutter head for tunneling machines having a circular series ofradial cutter W'itnesses .loiiN Davis,

Bo'ris S'rno'i'iinic.

blades adapted to deliver im,

